Intro to NT 1: Gospels & Acts (Online)
MBS 1st Semester 2025
Lecturer: Rev. Tim Nicholls
Email: tim.a.nicholls@gmail.com
1. General Aim
This unit introduces students to the study of the New Testament. It helps students to read the New Testament writings aware of their historical, literary and theological nature, by focusing upon the four Gospels and Acts. It provides an overview of the content, structure and theology of these books. It provides the necessary factual and methodological foundation for future study of the New Testament. It will assist in the development of the graduate’s coherent and integrated knowledge of God as revealed in Scripture, as well as their confidence in the grace of God expressed in the gospel of Jesus Christ.
The purpose of this unit is establish the student’s knowledge and skill base for reading the New Testament in a literary, theological and historical fashion, as an integral part of a preaching & teaching ministry.
2. Learning Outcomes
On completion of the unit, students will:
- Articulate and implement principles of sound biblical exegesis that are sensitive to the Gospel
- Appreciate the merits of literary approaches to the interpretation of the Gospels and
- Describe the historical, socio-cultural, religious, and political setting of first-century Palestine as the context for Jesus’ life and ministry.
- Analyze and recognize the structure, content and distinctive theological emphases of the Gospels and Acts.
- Describe the identity and mission of Christ, with particular emphasis on his titles and the resurrection and passion narratives.
- Outline the message and ministry of Christ, as found in his emphasis on the Kingdom of God, use of parables, ethical teaching, and miracles.
- Relate the teaching of the Gospels and Acts to key Christian doctrines including christology, pneumatology, eschatology, atonement, ecclesiology, and the Christian life of discipleship.
- Make comments on the significance of the Gospels and Acts for contemporary Christian ministry and preaching.
3. Content
A study of Jesus’ life and ministry in the Gospels and Acts, with special reference to the Gospel of Mark, including the following:
a. Principles of sound exegesis
- Historical Context
- Author’s Purpose
- Old Testament Foundations (Biblical Theology)
- Structure & Flow
b. Context and setting: The historical, socio-cultural, religious, and political setting of first century Palestine
c. One Gospel and four Gospels:
- An introduction and overview of each Gospel
- Distinctive features of the Gospels
- The interrelationship of the Gospels
d. The identity and life of Jesus:
- The designations and titles of Jesus
- The passion and resurrection narratives
e. The message and ministry of Jesus:
- The Kingdom of God in the proclamation of Jesus
- The significance and interpretation of the parables
- The ethics of Jesus, including the Sermon on the Mount
- The miracles of Jesus and their significance
f. The contents and theology of Acts
g. Reflection (through a-f) on the significance of Jesus Christ for contemporary life and ministry
4. Course Requirements
a. Non-Graded Requirements
- Attendance at all classes (missing more than 2 classes will constitute failure).
- Read through the Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) and Acts in a modern English translation (ESV or NIV).
- Complete set readings and keep a journal of date of completion. This must be submitted before the final exam on 4th May, 5pm. A template may be found below.
b. Graded Requirements
- Exegetical Paper
- Write an exegetical paper comparing a passage in Mark’s Gospel to a parallel passage in Luke or Matthew, which draws out the specific meaning and emphasis of the The student will be expected to write approximately 1000 words (Diploma/BTh/BDiv) or 1250 words (MDiv/MCS) (+/-10%) and display interactions with at least THREE commentaries in addition to the course material. Proper footnotes and bibliography must be provided. Topics will be made available before Thursday 23rd January. The paper will be due on Friday 21st February, 5pm.
- Research Paper
- Write a research paper on a chosen topic related to the Gospels or Acts, from a list of topics provided by the lecturer. The student will be expected to write approximately 2000 words (Diploma/BTh/BDiv) or 2500 words (MDiv/MCS) (+/-10%) and display interactions with commentaries, monographs and journals. Proper footnotes and bibliography must be provided. Topics will be made available before Thursday 6th The paper will be due on Friday 11th April, 5pm.
- Take Home Exam
- The final exam will cover the material from the whole course. It will consist of short answer questions, exegesis on short passages, and The exam will be released on Wednesday 30th April and is due on Sunday 4th May, 5pm.
5. Guidelines for Exegetical and Research Papers
- Include the MBS standard title page stating your name, course, subject, and assessment.
- Follow the SBL style guide for Footnotes / Bibliography.
- It’s recommended to use Referencing Software such as Zotero in correctly formatting your citations.
- Paper should be double-spaced, and use Times New Romans font, size 12, justified paragraph.
- Write in connected prose, with a clear progression of thought (argument). Don’t use dot points.
- Be sure to provide evidence to support the points you make. Do not only make assertions but show why your understanding is correct. This means providing relevant bible references and citing scholars that make a similar point.
- Stronger answers will interact with wider scholarship. Indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the positions of others.
- Plagiarism is strictly prohibited including the use of AI software such as ChatGPT. The use of all reference materials must be acknowledged and referenced accordingly, including the lecture notes.
- Always ensure that you are answering the question. Do not get side-tracked on discussing things that are interesting but not relevant to the question.
- Acceptable reference material include Books (Monographs), Commentaries and Journal Articles. Blog posts, articles and other internet sources (such as Wikipedia) are not acceptable.
- Email your completed assessments before the due date to:
- Lecturer: tim.a.nicholls@gmail.com
- Registrar: registrarmbsed@gmail.com
- Refer to the research and writing guides (provided in class) for further guidance on how to research and write your paper.
- Marks may be deducted for late submissions and failure to meet the above requirements. Requests for late submissions should be directed to the registrar at registrarmbsed@gmail.com and complete the required form.
6. Class Schedule
Class |
Date |
Lecture |
Reading |
1 |
9th January |
Introduction to the Gospels Gospel Criticism |
Carson, chapter 1 (pp. 23-76) |
2 |
16th January |
Interpreting the Gospels & Acts: History, Literature, Theology Narrative Criticism |
Bolt, Chapter 1 (pp. 18-46) Carson, chapter 2 (pp. 77-133) |
3 |
23rd January |
Introduction to Mark The Parables of Christ |
Bolt, Chapter 2 (pp. 48-83) |
|
30th January |
CNY Break |
Carson, chapter 4 (pp. 169-197) Bolt, Introduction (pp. 13-16) |
4 |
6th February |
Overview of Mark The Miracles of Christ |
Bolt, Chapter 3 (pp. 85-114) |
5 |
13th February |
Introduction to Matthew Titles of Christ |
Bolt, Chapter 4 (pp. 116-144) |
6 |
20th February |
Overview of Matthew The Sermon on the Mount |
Bolt, Chapter 5 (pp. 146-172) |
7 |
27th February |
Introduction to Luke Fulfilment of OT Scripture |
Carson, chapter 3 (pp. 134-168) |
8 |
6th March |
Overview of Luke The Passion and Resurrection of Christ |
Carson, chapter 5 (pp. 198-224) |
|
13th March |
Mid Semester Break |
|
9 |
20th March |
Introduction to John Overview of John 1-10 |
Carson chapter 6 (pp. 225-284) |
10 |
27th March |
The “I Am” Statements In John The Holy Spirit in John Overview of John 12-20 |
Fergusson, pp. 1-47 |
11 |
3rd April |
Introduction to Acts |
Carson chapter 7 (pp. 285-330) |
12 |
10th April |
Theology of Acts |
Peterson pp. 53-98 |
|
17th April |
Break: Study Week |
|
|
30th April-4th May |
Take Home Exam |
|
Required Textbooks
Bolt, Peter G. The Cross from a Distance: Atonement in Mark’s Gospel. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2004.
Carson, D. A., and Douglas J. Moo. An Introduction to the New Testament. Second edition. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 2005.
Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. 3rd ed. Grand Rapids, Mich: William B. Eerdmans Pub, 2003.
Peterson, David. The Acts of the Apostles. The Pillar New Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids, Michegan: William B. Eerdmans, 2009.
Recommended Reading
a. General
Barnett, P., Jesus and the Rise of Early Christianity: A History of New Testament Times (Downers Grove: IVP, 1999).
Beale, G. K., and Benjamin L. Gladd. The Story Retold: A Biblical-Theological Introduction to the New Testament. Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Academic, An Imprint of InterVarsity Press, 2020.
DeSilva, David Arthur. An Introduction to the New Testament: Contexts, Methods & Ministry Formation. Downers Grove, Ill.: Leicester, England: InterVarsity Press ; Apollos, 2004.
Green, Joel B., ed. Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. Second Edition. Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Academic, 2013.
Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Introduction. 4th rev. ed. The Master Reference Collection. Downers Grove, Ill: Inter-Varsity Press, 1990.
Marshall, I, Howard. New Testament Theology: Many Witnesses, One Gospel. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, 2004.
Powell, Mark Allan. What Is Narrative Criticism? Guides to Biblical Scholarship. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1990.
b. Matthew
France, R. T. The Gospel According to Matthew: An Introduction and Commentary. Eerdmans. The Tyndale New Testament Commentaries. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985.
c. Mark
Barnett, Paul W. The Servant King: Reading Mark Today. Sydney South: Aquila Press, 2006.
Edwards, James R. The Gospel According to Mark. The Pillar New Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.
Rhoads, David M., Joanna Dewey, and Donald Michie. Mark as Story: An Introduction to the Narrative of a Gospel. Third edition. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012.
d. Luke
Bock, Darrell L. A Theology of Luke and Acts: God’s Promised Program, Realized for All Nations. Edited by Andreas J. Kostenberger, n.d.
Bock, Darrell L. Luke. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament 3. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Books, 1994.
Tannehill, Robert C. The Narrative Unity of Luke-Acts: A Literary Interpretation. Volume 1: The Gospel According to Luke. Vol. 1. 2 vols. Foundations and Facets. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1991.
e. John
Carson, D. A. The Gospel According to John. Leicester, England; Grand Rapids, Mich.: Inter-Varsity Press ; W.B. Eerdmans, 1991.
Köstenberger, Andreas J. John. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1994.
f. Acts
Marshall, I. Howard, and David Peterson, eds. Witness to the Gospel: The Theology of Acts. Grand Rapids, Mic: William B. Eerdmans Pub, 1998.
Tannehill, Robert C. The Narrative Unity of Luke-Acts: A Literary Interpretation. Volume 2: The Acts of the Apostles. Vol. 2. 2 vols. Fortress Press, 1986.
Reading Journal (Sample)
Reading |
Start Date |
Date of Completion |
Matthew |
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Mark |
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Luke |
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John |
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Acts |
|
|
Carson, Chapter 1 (pp. 23-76) |
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Carson, Chapter 2 (pp. 77-133) |
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Carson, Chapter 4 (pp. 169-197) |
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Bolt, Introduction (pp. 13-16) |
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Bolt, Chapter 1 (pp. 18-46) |
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Bolt, Chapter 2 (pp. 48-83) |
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Bolt, Chapter 3 (pp. 85-114) |
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Bolt, Chapter 4 (pp. 116-144) |
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Bolt, Chapter 5 (pp. 146-172) |
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Carson, Chapter 3 (pp. 134-168) |
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Carson, Chapter 5 (pp. 198-224) |
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Carson, Chapter 6 (pp. 225-284) |
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Fergusson (pp. 1-47) |
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Carson, Chapter 7 (pp. 285-330) |
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Peterson (pp. 53-98) |
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